Low expression of CD40 and B7 on macrophages infiltrating UV-exposed human skin; role in IL-2Rα− T cell activation
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Undetectable CD40 ligand expression on T cells and low B cell responses to CD40 binding agonists in human newborns.
IgG, IgA, and IgE production by newborn B cells is limited both in vivo and in vitro in various activation conditions, whereas IgM production is readily detectable. It has been suggested that the Ig heavy chain switch inability could be the consequence of T and B cell immaturity. As the interaction between CD40 (expressed on B cells) and its ligand CD40-L (expressed on activated T cells) trigge...
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The induction of effective immune responses requires costimulation by B7 molecules, and Ag recognition without B7 is thought to result in no response or tolerance. We compared T cell responses in vivo to the same Ag presented either by mature dendritic cells (DCs) or as self, in the presence or absence of B7. We show that Ag presentation by mature B7-1/2-deficient DCs fails to elicit an effecto...
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آموزش زبان دوم طی سالهای اخیر بدنبال روشهای بهتری برای تحقق بخشیدن به اهداف معلمین و دانش آموزان بوده است . در مورد معلمین این امر منجر به تحقیقاتی در مورد ساختار زبانی، محاوره ای و تعاملی گردیده است . در مورد دانش آموزان این امر به مطالعاتی درباره نگرش دانش آموزان نسبت به فراگیری در داخل کلاس و بیرون از آن و همچنین انواع مختلف روشهای پردازش ذهنی منجر شده است . هدف از این تحقیق یافتن روشهائی اس...
15 صفحه اولGanoderma Lucidum Induces the Expression of CD40/CD86 on Peripheral Blood Monocytes
Background: The major immuno-modulating effects of Ganoderma lucidum include mitogenicity and activation of immune effector cells such as T cells, macrophages and natural killer cells resulting in the production of cytokines. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of CD40 and CD80 by G. lucidum-treated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Methods: Monocytes wer...
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We have previously shown that macrophages (Mphi) can be activated by CD40 ligation to become cytotoxic against tumor cells in vitro. Here we show that treatment of mice with agonistic anti-CD40 mAb (anti-CD40) induced up-regulation of intracellular TLR9 in Mphi and primed them to respond to CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG), resulting in synergistic activation. The synergy between anti...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: European Journal of Immunology
سال: 1998
ISSN: 0014-2980,1521-4141
DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4141(199809)28:09<2936::aid-immu2936>3.0.co;2-i